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A slow and steady revolution is sweeping the market for erectile dysfunction drugs – Cialis. Most people may not even be aware of it. Lilly ICOS, the pharmaceutical alliance, which launched the blockbuster drug Cialis, announced that the drug has achieved 1 billion dollars in global sales since launching in Europe less than two years back. In fact Cialis has become the top Erectile Dysfunction treatment in France, since January 2005, based on the latst market data, easily overtaking Viagra, the first brand to be launched in this market. It is also doing very well in United Kingdom, Italy, Germany, United States, Canada, Australia, Mexico and Brazil. So much so that a Lilly ICOS press release contained these words from Rich Pilnik, President of Lilly's EMEA region "We are very pleased with the performance of Cialis and the steady development of the brand since its launch two years ago. Millions of men suffer from ED and the growth of the market demonstrates that patients are speaking to their healthcare providers about ED and seeking treatment options." Not only has Cialis been able to expand the market but it has also eaten heavily in the market share of Viagra from Pfizer, the first drug to be launched in this market and Levitra from Glaxo-Bayer-Schering Plough. In fact Cialis was the second PDE5 inhibitor drug to become available in Europe. It is currently promoted in approximately 100 countries including the United States, Australia, Brazil, Mexico, Canada and across Europe and Asia for Erectile Dysfunction. According to Paul Clark, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of ICOS Corporation. "Passing the $1 billion mark is an important milestone for Lilly ICOS and a great accomplishment for the Cialis team. Since 2003, men with erectile dysfunction have had a choice of oral treatments for their condition - a condition which may impact on relationships and daily life." Beyond all the hype and the jubilation is the sheer superiority of Cialis over all the other drugs available in this indication. To understand the benefits of Cialis, we need to firstly understand this complex condition. Erectile Dysfunction or Impotence is defined as the inability to ensure and maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse. ED affects an estimated 180 million men worldwide . 90 percent of ED cases are related to a physical or medical condition, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and prostate cancer treatment, while 10 percent are due to psychological causes . In many cases, however, both psychological and physical factors contribute to the condition. Where physical factor play an important role PDE-5( Phosphodiaterase) inhibitors have a significant role to play. These include drugs like Sildenafil (Viagra) and Vardenafil(Levitra). But none are as good as Tadalafil(Cialis). Why? Firstly let’s understand how PDE-5 inhibitors work. They work by inhibiting the enzyme phosphodiasterase-5 which is responsible for degrading another enzyme called cGMP(cyclic Guanosine Mono Phosphate) which through a series of reactions is responsible for the synthesis of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide is an important vasodilator responsible for dilation of the blood vessels that supply blood to the penis. Thus, there is an increase in the blood supplied to the penis and this increased blood engorges the penis and leads the formation of an erection through hydraulic pressure. All PDE-5 inhibitors work in the same way but because they are different molecules, they also have different properties. The body quickly eliminates both Sildenafil and Vardenafil. Therefore their action lasts for only 4 hours, while Tadalafil(Cialis) is absorbed and eliminated slowly therefore it remains in the body for a longer period of time. Therefore its duration of action is 9 times that of other drugs - 36 hours. This ensures that Cialis will act over a whopping 36 hours and any patient on Cialis does not need to have hurried sex , but sex at his or his partner’s leisurely pace. That is why Cialis has been nicknamed as “Le Weekend Pill” in France. It allows the man to relax with his partner and have spontaneous sex. Also other drugs like Viagra act on the enzyme PDE-6, which is found in the eyes, leading to bluish discolouration of vision, which will not occur with Cialis. Cialis can be taken with a 100% fat meal and there will be no change in it’s action. The same is not true for Sildenafil or Vardenafil, which are affected by food. All this makes Cialis currently the best drug for erectile dyfunction. What further adds to it’s appeal are programmes like “The Cialis Promise” from Lilly ICOS which guarantees free trial with a rival drug in case Cialis does not work. With this kind of confidence oozing from Lilly ICOS, there is reason to believe in the promise of Cialis. Cialis is available at any neighbour chemist on providing a doctor’s prescription or one can buy Cialis online. An online prescription is generated on filling a short form and on payment through credit card, one can be rest assured of getting Cialis discreetly. What more cheap generic Cialis is also available online. This will further reduce your medical bills. The low cost is like an icing to the Cialis cake or pudding for that matter . 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Dog Diseases number in the scores, just as in humans. But, veterinarians tend to see some much more than others. Sadly, a great deal of grief could be avoided if more dog owners were careful to see that their pets are immunized regularly against preventable dog diseases. While experts, as usual, may differ, what are the top ten dog diseases? Here's a list (not necessarily in order of seriousness) with a brief explanation of each disease: Distemper: Of all the dog diseases, the American Veterinary Medical Association considers the distemper virus to be the worst canine disease threat to dogs world wide. Distemper is fatal in 80% of puppies and 50% of adults. All dogs are extremely vulnerable, and should be vaccinated, with subsequent boosters in keeping the recommendation of a Veterinarian. Parvovirus (Parvo): Parvovirus is a worldwide dog disease. It is extremely contagious, especially among puppies, and can overwhelm a dog leading to death within 48 to 72 hours after exposure. Symptoms include depression, loss of appetite, vomiting and severe diarrhea. Parvo vaccination is essential with booster shots as recommended. Rabies: Rabies is a virus and becomes fatal when symptoms appear. Because rabies can be fatal to humans and other mammals, state and local laws uniformly require rabies vaccination, many mandating booster shots yearly. Kennel Cough: This is a respiratory disease especially prevalent in kennels and shelters. There are a variety of virus strains, including Bortadella. Symptoms can include a dry hacking cough along with inflammation of the larynx, bronchial tubes and trachea. Vaccination, as often as every six months is recommended. Leptospirosis: Symptoms of Leptospirosis include lethargy, kidney inflammation, low-grade fever, vomiting, reddening of the mucous membranes and conjunctiva, and blood clotting abnormalities. Since it is a bacterial disease, also found in humans, it is treated with antibiotics. Veterinarians are often reluctant to innoculate against this dog disease, since there is questionable effectiveness, and puppies can have adverse reactions. Infectious canine hepatitis: While this dog disease often manifests itself with mild symptoms such as a slight fever or slight lethargy, it can, in some instances become fatal. Recovery is usually rapid. Vaccination is recommended. Lyme Disease: Symptoms of Lyme Disease in dogs will include lethargy, joint pain, lack of appetite, lymph node enlargement, and fever. Lyme Disease is bacterial and is spread by ticks. Treatment is with tetracycline, an antibiotic. The available vaccine is not generally recommended. Coronavirus: Diarrhea and vomiting are symptomatic of this dog disease so it can be confused with parvovirus. Other indications are loss of appetite, smelly diarrhea, lethargy and dehydration. Replacement of lost fluids and control of vomiting and diarrhea are the recommended treatments. A vaccine is not generally recommended. Obesity: Just as in humans, this dog disease is a serious medical problem. Frequently, obese humans own obese dogs. Obviously, limiting food intake, withholding human food and enough exercise will contribute to a dogs longer life. Heartworm: Heartworms are parasites that grow and multiply, infesting the chambers in the heart, arteries in the lungs. Symptoms appear gradually, usually manifested in easy tiring, lethargy and a soft cough. If not treated, it eventually brings on death by congestive heart failure in a once active animal. Prevention with products such as HartGard is recommended. Your veterinarian should give you a certificate showing your pet's immunization against the common dog diseases. Ask for a wallet sized card which you can carry with you. natural pnis enlargement and lengthening penis enlargment surgeon penis enlagement tip cheapest penis elargement pills free penis elargement exercise safe penile enlargement does pnis enlargement work real penile enlargement natural penile enlargment technique

Believe it or not, there is a natural ingredient from Europe that can help change the way your legs feel and the way you feel about the circulation in your legs. Whether we realize it or not, the circulation in our legs can have a huge influence on how we feel and what we do everyday and perhaps even more so every evening. The comfort level of our legs, or better said, their discomfort level at the end of the day can adversely affect our social life and fitness activities - not to mention adversely affecting our sleep. If our legs felt better perhaps we would find it easier to do the things we'd love to do, but find it so difficult to muster the motivation. As if the way our legs can feel at the end of day isn't challenging enough, the changes in the circulation in our legs as we age can seem even more hopeless and discouraging. Now add to that the seeming conspiracy among fashion designers to have us exposing even larger portions of our aging legs and we have a problem that over 80 million Americans with varicose veins understand all too well. (1). Unfortunately, about half of all American women will develop varicose or spider veins at some point in their lives (2). Not only are they unsightly, these leg problems can also cause significant discomfort. Typically, varicose veins are characterized by bulging, blue, sometimes painful and inflamed veins that appear primarily in the calves and thighs. Spider veins, on the other hand, show up as a web of fine lines that can make your legs look like a road map. While age and heredity play a role in the development of varicose and spider veins, weight gain, pregnancy, menopause and the use of hormone replacement therapy can also trigger these vein problems. Making matters worse, chronic inactivity, standing for long periods of time or habitually crossing your legs can make you more prone to injured veins (2). Conventional treatments include surgical stripping, injecting the veins with a chemical irritant or zapping them with lasers. While these approaches can remove existing varicose or spider veins, they will not prevent new ones from developing, since these high-tech treatments do not address the underlying problem of poor circulation. Worse yet, these procedures can also cause infection, scarring, nerve damage and pain (26). If these radical treatments are not an option for you, you'll be happy to hear that there is a natural approach that not only improves the appearance of these ropy, bulging veins, it also fosters leg health to prevent future problems. Veins Explained To understand how varicose veins develop, you need to know a little bit about how blood moves through the body. Essentially, there are two types of major circulatory vessels in the body: the arteries, which channel blood from the heart to the extremities, and the veins, which bring blood from the extremities back to the heart. Of all the veins in your body, leg veins work the hardest to carry blood back to the heart. To accomplish this difficult task, your legs are equipped with specially designed one-way valves that keep the blood moving in the right direction. As efficiently as these valves work, your legs still fight a constant battle against the natural pull of gravity. If the veins can't move the blood efficiently or the one-way valves that prevent the blood from backwashing fail to close properly, blood collects in the legs. This pooling of blood then stretches the vein, causing swelling and injury to the vein's walls (3). Depending on the extent of the enlargement, these veins can show up as either spider or varicose veins. Spider veins are broken capillaries and small veins that appear as jagged red, blue or purple lines on the surface of the skin. While they aren't painful, they can be extremely unattractive. Varicose veins, on the other hand, are thick veins that run deeper beneath the skin. They are far larger and much less attractive than spider veins - and they can make your legs feel fatigued, heavy, achy or even itchy. Varicose veins can also cause burning, throbbing, cramping and restlessness. While these conditions aren't usually dangerous, severe cases can lead to chronic venous insufficiency - a persistent inability of the leg veins to adequately return blood back to the heart (4). Varicose veins are also associated with the development of skin ulcers or a chronic inflammation of a vein - a condition known as phlebitis. Phlebitis is often accompanied by formation of a blood clot, a dangerous situation since the clot can move from the leg vein and travel to the lungs (2). Get a Leg Up with Diosmin Your strategy for battling vein problems naturally is twofold: improving circulation and strengthening the vein walls. The first and simplest measure to improve blood flow is to counteract gravity. Standing or sitting all day makes it harder for blood to move up from the legs and back to the heart. But taking a few minutes to rest with your legs higher than your heart each day allows gravity to help return blood to the heart. Getting in shape can also help relieve varicose and spider veins - and it can even prevent new ones from forming. As we age we lose muscle tone, which adversely affects the health of our legs. Yet adopting a consistent exercise program promotes good circulation and can help to keep our leg muscles, and the blood vessels in our legs, toned. Walking, weight training, low-impact aerobics and swimming strengthen the legs and circulatory system, and help to reduce the throbbing and aching often associated with varicose veins. What you eat can also ease unsightly veins. A low-fat diet filled with fruits, vegetables, beans, legumes and whole grains add key nutrients and fiber to your diet. Eating a fiber-rich diet reduces the chances of constipation which can contribute to varicose veins. Constipation restricts the blood as it returns to the torso through the deep veins in the legs. Straining to have a bowel movement closes off the deep veins in the legs and restricts the flow of blood as it returns to the torso. As the blood backs up, it takes another course through superficial veins, thus the blue streaks in the legs. Eating a fiber-rich diet alleviates and prevents constipation, helping to avoid the damage to the vascular system that can result. In addition to fiber, a diet high in fruits and vegetables also ensures adequate intake of nutrients and phytonutrients, which also help tonify the blood vessels. As a bonus, a healthy diet and exercise program can also jump-start weight loss - an important consideration since carrying too much weight creates extra pressure on your heart and blood vessels, interfering with healthy circulation (2). To strengthen the veins themselves, take a tip from the Europeans. From Austria to France to Italy, women and their doctors have relied on Diosmin for more than 30 years to treat circulatory problems affecting the legs - and with good reason. Diosmin is a unique bioflavonoid derived from citrus fruits and is closely related to other citrus bioflavonoids such as hesperiden, quercetin, and rutin (5). Clinical trials have shown that Diosmin is highly effective in boosting circulation and strengthening the veins in the legs (5). Not only does this improve existing varicose and spider veins, it can also reduce the likelihood of future problems. What makes Diosmin so amazing is its power to specifically target the blood vessels in the legs. Diosmin improves both blood vessel elasticity and microcirculation while relieving pain and inflammation by inhibiting pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and thromboxanes (21,24). Because of its direct action on the integrity of vein walls, Diosmin also reduces the amount of fluid that leaks out of them (21,22). Diosmin's protective benefits do not stop there. Because it is a potent anti-oxidant, Diosmin decreases lipid peroxidation and reduces free radical damage that can undermine vein health (23, 27). In one clinical trial, people who suffered from pain and swelling due to varicose veins experienced significant improvement in their symptoms after taking Diosmin for a few months (6). A review of studies also found that, among more than 5,000 patients with vein disorders, the vast majority not only saw a reduction in their discomfort, they actually saw the swelling in their calves and ankles disappear (7). Across the board, research shows that a daily dose of 500 to 1,000 mg of Diosmin improves the health of leg veins and brings tremendous relief from pain, night cramps and leg heaviness (8,9,10,11). Both short- and long-term use of this highly effective natural ingredient comes without any side effects. It is also so safe that you need not worry about adverse interactions of Diosmin with drugs, foods, lab tests or interactions with diseases or conditions. (5). Help for Hemorrhoids Because Diosmin reduces swelling and bolsters vein health, it can also help people suffering with hemorrhoids - those uncomfortable varicose veins that form in the lower rectum and anus. Along with making it painful to sit, hemorrhoids can itch, bleed or protrude - and almost half of all Americans suffer from them by the time they turn 50 (12). Extensive research conclusively shows that Diosmin can safely alleviate the pain, inflammation and bleeding of hemorrhoids (13,14,15). Best of all, it offers quick relief, often working its magic within a week or two (16). Plus, Diosmin reduces the risk of a relapse (17). Diosmin for Cancer? While no one questions Diosmin's efficacy for treating varicose and spider veins or hemorrhoids, scientists have begun exploring other ways this potent flavonoid may boost health. Their main focus - cancer prevention - especially oral and skin cancers. Researchers haven't conclusively identified the cancer-fighting component in Diosmin, but preliminary experiments show that this flavonoid inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells (18). In two studies pitting Diosmin against other flavonoids like rutin, grapeseed extract and red wine, Spanish investigators found that Diosmin was considerably more effective at reducing the number of metastatic melanoma cells (a potentially deadly type of skin cancer cells that spread through the body) than any of the other flavonoids tested (19,20). Other studies have found that Diosmin puts the brakes on the spread of cancer cells in the mouth (25). Although it could be years before science conclusively proves Diosmin's cancer benefit, this nutrient can't be beat for supporting vein health. Along with taking supplemental Diosmin, there are several simple strategies you can employ to encourage healthy circulation. Eating a high-fiber, anti-oxidant rich diet and getting plenty of exercise can help keep veins in top form. And remember to take a break and put your feet up every now and again. References: 1. American Society for Dermatoloic Surgery. 2. National Women's Health Information Center. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 3. American College of Phlebology. 4. Society for Vascular Surgery. 5. Diosmin Monograph. Alternative Medicine Review. 2004;9(3):308-311. 6. Ting AC, et al. Clinical and hemodynamic outcomes in patients with chronic venous insufficiency after oral micronized flavonoids therapy. Vascular Surgery. 2001;35(6):443-447. 7. Ramelet AA. Daflon 500 mg: symptoms and edema clinical update. Angiology. 2005;56 Suppl 1:S25-S32. 8. Bergan JJ. Chronic venous insufficiency and the therapeutic effects of Daflon 500 mg. Angiology. 2005; 56 Suppl 1:S21-S24. 9. Nicolaides AN. From symptoms to leg edema: efficacy of Daflon 500 mg. Angiology. 2003;54 Suppl 1:S33-S44. 10. Smith PC. Daflon 500 mg and venous leg ulcer: new results from a meta-analysis. Angiology. 2005; 56 Suppl 1:S33-S39. 11. Jantet G. Chronic venous insufficiency: worldwide results of the RELIEF study. Reflux assessment and quality of life improvement with micronized Flavonoids. Angiology. 2002;533:245-256. 12. National Institutes of Health. 13. Lyseng-Williamson KA, et al. Micronised purified flavonoids fraction: a review of its use in chronic venous insufficiency, venous ulcers and haemorrhoids. Drugs. 2003;63(1):71-100. 14. Meshikhes AW. Daflon for haemorrhoids: a prospective, multi-centre observational study. Surgeon. 2004;2(6):335-338. 15. Kecmanovic D, et al. PHLEBODIA (diosmine): a role in the management of bleeding nonprolapsed hemorrhoids). Acta Chirurgica Iugoslavica. 2005;52(1):115-116. 16. Diana G, et al. Activity of purified diosmin in the treatment of hemorrhoids. La Clinica Terapeutica. 2000;151(5):341-344. 17. Misra MC, et al. Randomized clinical trial of micronized flavonoids in the early control of bleeding from acute internal haemorrhoids. British Journal of Surgery. 2000;87(12):1732-1733. 18. Browning AM, et al. Flavonoid glycosides inhibit oral cancer cell proliferation - role of cellular uptake and hydrolysis to the aglycones. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2005;57(8):1037-1042. 19. Martinez C, et al. Treatment of metastatic melanoma B16F10 by the flavonoids tangeretin, rutin, and diosmin. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2005;53(17):6791-6797. 20. Martinez C, et al. The effect of the flavonoids dioxmin, grapeseed extract and red wine on the pulmonary metastatic B16F10 melanoma. Histology and Histopathology. 2005;20(4):1121-1129. 21. Ramelet AA. Clinical benefits of Daflon 500 mg in the most severe stages of chronic venous insufficiency. Angiology. 2001;52 Suppl 1:S49-56. 22. Cyrino FZ, et al. Micronization enhances the protective effect of purified flavonoidsfraction against postischaemic microvascular injury in the hamster cheek pouch. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology. 2004;31(3):159-162. 23. Bergan JJ, et al. Therapeutic approach to chronic venous insufficiency and its complications: place of Daflon 500 mg. Angiology. 2001;52 Suppl 1:S43-7. 24. Katsenis K. Micronized purified flavonoids fraction (MPFF): a review of its pharmacological effects, therapeutic efficacy and benefits in the management of chronic venous insufficiency. Current Vascular Pharamcology. 2005;3(1):1-9. 25. Browning AM, et al. Flavonoid glycosides inhibit oral cancer cell proliferation - role of cellular uptake and hydrolysis to the aglycones. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2005;57(8):1037-1042. 26. National Women's Health Information Center. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women's Health. 27. Villa P, et al. Protective effect of diosmetin on in vitro cell membrane damage and oxidative stress in cultured rat hepatocytes. Toxicology. 1992;73:179-189. penis enargement pump manual penile enlargement real penis enlarement penis enlargement surgeon penis elargement tip pnis enlargement pic before and after vimax penis enlargement exercise manual penis enhancement natural penile enlargment technique

The year 2004 was an exceptional one for the European Union (EU) with the historic enlargement to include ten new member states and the signature in Rome of the Treaty establishing for the first time an EU Constitution. That momentum continued into the first half of 2005, marked by the beginning of the ratification process for the European Constitution. The results of the various ratification processes of the proposed EU Constitution, either through parliament or via a referendum, have varied from one country to another. The European Union has to go through a European context that has proven to be both eventful and tense over the last few months. In line with the post French and Dutch referenda studies, European citizens appear today to be more critical in their analysis of the European Union, without however calling into question either their membership, or the European construction itself. Nevertheless, certain indicators from the recent Eurobarometer survey (fall 2005) reveal significant changes in views and highlight just how necessary it is to bring European citizens and European institutions closer together. Thus, the focus is now on how the European Union will reach successfully its citizens and under which conditions this attempt will be more effective. Under this notion, it is interesting to consider the unquestionable fact that the Internet is changing the world we live in. It is a change no less significant than the Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries. Over the last two decades, information technologies and the Internet have been transforming the way companies do business, the way students learn, the way scientists carry out research and the way in which governments provide services to their citizens. In fact, ICTs have managed over the last decade to become the main message vehicles of the modern societies' communication systems. Corporations and governments, upon realizing their immense capabilities, are using contemporary ICTs to disseminate messages, address issues, and ultimately influence public opinion. Living today in the Information Age and as Internet users worldwide are increasing in numbers, organizations like the EU wish to influence the citizens' public opinion using the new digital medium's unique communications capabilities. But any kind of state will not achieve a strong, competitive economy simply by incorporating digital technologies into manufacturing or services. It also needs highly skilled workers to operate the new systems, and digitally literate consumers to buy the new goods and services. That means training and education for people of all ages. Thus, competitiveness depends on how much the state invests in its people. The EU member states will soon have to prove their proactive thinking and their policies effectiveness on the matter. easy enhancement free penis surgery way best pennis enlargement penile enlargment before and after photo male pnis enlargement vimax cheap penis enlargement pnis enlargement herb penis elargement testimonials penis enlarement procedure natural penile enlargment technique

Years ago, men in our culture pretty much accepted whatever they were dealt in the sexual department, and they certainly didn't talk about their problems or concerns. Today, men aren't willing to live with uncertainty, embarrassment or feelings of inadequacy when it comes to sex -- and fortunately, they've found there really is something they can do about it. With the advent of prescription drugs for impotence, men began to question their long-held beliefs that sexual problems were just something you had to learn to live with (or deny). But prescription drugs aren't for everyone, and indeed, most men have concerns that can be addressed more simply and inexpensively than with doctor's office visits and subsequent pharmaceutical prescriptions. Now men have another option: all-natural male enhancement supplements. Anyone who's been watching TV or using the Internet lately knows these products are out there, but few know how they work or which products do work. So let's take a look at how these products do the job and what makes them effective for hundreds of thousands of men. Quality male enhancement pills contain a number of botanical and natural ingredients that come from around the world, with proven anecdotal records of success in increasing libido, empowering sexual drive and function, and creating greater stamina and erection hardness. Today, even medical doctors, typically resistant to herbal and naturopathic healing, now endorse natural formulas for male sexual enhancement. The best formulas out there contain scientifically tested, potent aphrodisiac herbal concentrates from China, Europe and South America to successfully stimulate sexual activity, maintain a firm erection and increase sexual pleasure. First, they promote peripheral tissue vasodilation to improve arterial erectile function. The ingredients have a direct effect on the endothelial cells, which enhances blood flow of both penile arteries and veins without any change in the systemic blood pressure. Some formulas also have the ability to relax and tonify the nervous system, which is necessary to deal fully with psychological stressors present. When looking for a good supplement, you may come across many of the same ingredients in many of them -- however, keep in mind that it is not only the specific components, but the blends, proportions and formulation that make a difference. Here are some of the herbs commonly used, and their effects in the male body: Epimedium Leaf Extract Epimedium was discovered in 200 BC. Legend has it that an ancient Chinese goat herder noticed that his flock suddenly became sexually active after grazing in a certain patch of weed. The Chinese consider Epimedium to be the premier libido lifter for men. It is also reputed to have a testosterone effect, to stimulate the sensory nerves and restore sexual desire. After centuries of use in China, top medical doctors now report that Epimedium can be used to boost libido, improve erectile function, restore sexual power and increase sensation. Scientifically, Epimedium works by freeing up testosterone, which naturally increases sex drive and endurance. Cuscuta Seed Extract Cuscuta is frequently used in long-term tonic programs, most commonly to strengthen the uro-genital functions. It is used to treat premature ejaculation, frequent urination and leukorrhea as well as aching lower back, symptoms that often accompany deficient kidney conditions which cause sexual weakness. Cuscuta seed is also widely used to nourish the sperm and marrow and strengthen sinews of the sexual organs. It is used to increase fertility in both men and women, and is listed as an aphrodisiac in all traditional Chinese pharmacopoeias. Ginko Biloba Leaf For over 5,000 years, Ginkgo has been prescribed in Chinese herbal medicine. In the last 30 years, more that 300 studies have given clinical evidence that Ginkgo prevents and benefits many problems throughout the entire body. Ginkgo is gaining recognition as a brain tonic that enhances memory because of its positive effects on the vascular system, especially in the cerebellum. Ginkgo improves peripheral circulation, oxygenation, and increases blood flow to the genitals to improve sexual function and the power of an erection. In a recent scientific study, 78% of men with non-medically caused impotence problems reported significant improvement - significantly, with no side effects. Ginkgo has been shown to be nutritional support for mental alertness, enhanced vitality level, circulatory health and blood vessel health. Note that its high antioxidant activity is valuable for fighting age-related conditions. Ginkgo may help to counteract the effects of aging, including mental fatigue and lack of energy. Asian Red Ginseng - Panax Ginseng Ginseng is traditionally used to overcome general weakness and deliver extra energy. It also has aphrodisiacal powers. Used to combat non medically caused impotence, and premature ejaculation, Ginseng helps normalize blood pressure while rejuvenating and revitalizing the body. It also promotes the growth of nerve tissue. A key ingredient of Ginseng is ginsenoside, which alters blood flow to the brain and penis and can build blood and sperm. Russian scientists have reported and recorded that Ginseng stimulates both physical and mental activity, enhances athletic performance and has a positive effect on the sex glands. Saw Palmetto Berry - Fructus Serenoae Native Americans and early American settlers used Saw Palmetto to treat problems associated with the genitals, urinary tract and reproductive system. This herb is called the "plant catheter" due to its therapeutic effect on the neck of the bladder and the prostate in men. Saw Palmetto is widely used in Germany, Canada, the United Kingdom and the U.S. for nutritionally benefiting the prostate and urinary tract. Saw Palmetto is a tonic, and is one of the few herbal remedies that are considered to be anabolic -- strengthening and building body tissues. The Saw Palmetto berries have long held a reputation as sexual stimulants and aphrodisiacs. Their largest use today is as a supplement for reducing enlarged prostate glands, treating urinary tract problems and for improving body strength. Saw Palmetto has shown significant action in treatment of conditions associated with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Saw Palmetto extract works to prevent testosterone from converting into dihydrotestosterone, the hormone thought to cause prostrate cells to multiply which leads to an enlarged prostate. Saw Palmetto inhibits androgen and estrogen receptor activity and may be beneficial for both sexes in balancing the hormones. Because of its hormonal effects, Saw Palmetto can aid the thyroid in regulating sexual development and normalizing activity of those glands and organs. Muira Pauma Bark Extract Muria Puama is an herb from a shrub native to Brazil, otherwise known as "Potency Wood". Both verbal and written historical records show that Muria Puama helps with lack of sexual desire and the difficulty to maintain erection. Muria Puama is used to restore sexual virility and to treat genital weakness "of intent", meaning the strength associated with sexual desire and potency in men. The textbook Specific Indications for Herbs in General Use, published by the Southwest School of Botanical Medicine, lists benefits of Muria Puama to these specific body systems: Improvement in reproductive system function, adrenal stress, cardiovascular system function, central nervous system activity, renal activity, and thyroid stress. Recent clinical studies further validate the potency of Muria Puama. Catuaba Bark Extract Catuaba has a long history in herbal medicine as a male 'strengthener' and aphrodisiac. The Tupi Indians in Brazil first discovered the qualities of the Catuaba plant and over the last centuries, have composed many songs praising its wonders. Indigenous people and local people have used Catuaba for generations and it is the most famous of all Brazilian aphrodisiaca plants. In the state of Minas there is a saying which goes, "Until a father reaches 60, the son is his, after that the son is Catuaba's." According to Dr. Meira Penna, Catuaba "functions as a stimulant of the nervous system, above all when one deals with functional impotence of the male genital organs... it is an innocent aphrodisiac, used without any ill effects at all." In Brazilian herbal medicine today, Catuaba is regarded as an aphrodisiac with "proven efficacy." Herbalists and health practitioners in the United States use Catuaba regularly as a tonic for genital function, as a central nervous system stimulant, and for treatment of sexual non medically caused impotence. According to Michael van Straten, noted British author and researcher of medicinal plants, Catuaba is beneficial to both men and women as an aphrodisiac, but "it is in the area of male impotence that the most striking results have been reported" and "there is no evidence of side effects, even after long-term use." Hawthorn Berry - Fructus Crataegi This phytochemical, with exceptional preventive capacities, comes from the hawthorn tree. Hawthorn is rich in bioflavonoids, which relax and dilate the arteries. These compounds are powerful antioxidants that help increase the flow of blood and oxygen to the heart. This reduces the work required by the heart to circulate blood, and in- turn this reduces blood pressure and stress to the heart muscle. The bioflavonoid substances in Hawthorn give strength to the walls of blood vessels and improve blood flow to other areas of the body. Components in Hawthorn have also been shown to lower cholesterol, and the amount of plaque in arteries. Officially approved for pharmaceutical use in Germany, government studies show the Hawthorn plant to be completely free of any side effects. European studies have shown that the Hawthorn botanical increases blood flow to the heart and brain, protects the heart from irregular beats, enhances the strength of the heart's contractions, and mildly lowers blood pressure. Other botanicals appear in male sexual aids, as well; its advisable to research the effects. The ingredients shown above are the "gold standard" however; they can be found in the correct proportions in a very popular supplement called VigRX™. It goes to work directly within the male genitalia, with effects on hormonal levels, blood flow and the responsive cells of the penis. The VigRX™ supplement is probably one of the best out there, given its proprietary formula in which ingredients are correctly proportioned and then made into tablets in a certified pharmaceutical grade laboratory. The company that produces VigRX™ has been in business for years, right from the beginning of this breakthrough in male enhancement products. When choosing a male enhancement formula, keep in mind these criteria: quality, guaranteed potency, guarantee of satisfaction, full disclosure of ingredients and a good track record of customer results. Again, the products do work and draw on the experience of centuries of herbal and natural medicinal supplements -- but choose carefully. It's your body, and you want only the best for it! If you are having difficulties knowing which product to try, we recommend and stand behind VigRX™ for both performance and customer service.